6. SAFETY AND HYGIENE REQUIREMENTS

TO THE PLACES OF THE TRAINING PROCESS

AND SPORTS EQUIPMENT

6.1. Requirements for indoor sports facilities

6.1.1. The arrangement of sports halls must comply with the current "Sanitary rules for the maintenance of places of employment for physical education and sports”, SNiPU “Public buildings and structures”, taking into account the age characteristics of children and the requirements of the educational process.

6.1.2. In addition to the sports hall (gyms), it is recommended to provide in the composition of the sports and recreation block: a training pool, a gym, ski storage, medical facilities, a medical rehabilitation center for psychological unloading. The presence of one or another group is determined by local conditions, in accordance with the profile of the educational institution, the design task.

6.1.3. When designing and reconstructing educational institutions located on the territory of areas of radioactive contamination in accordance with the classification of the Law of the Republic of Belarus "On the legal regime of territories exposed to radioactive contamination as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant", it is necessary to ensure the availability of premises for the organization of sports and recreation (swimming pool) and health-improving work (cabinets for massage, hydrotherapy, physiotherapy rooms, etc.).

6.1.4. The floors of sports halls must be resilient and without gaps, have a flat, horizontal, non-slip and painted surface.

6.1.5. Floors should not be deformed from washing and must be dry and clean by the beginning of classes.

6.1.6. The payload on the floors of sports halls should be no more than 400 kg/m 2 .

6.1.7. It is allowed to equip the floor of the sports hall in accordance with the regulatory documentation with landing places after jumps and dismounts.

6.1.8. The walls of sports halls should be even, smooth, painted in light colors over the entire height of the panels with paints that make it easy to wet clean the premises. The painting of walls and ceilings must be resistant to ball impacts, not crumble or get dirty when touching the walls.

6.1.9. The walls of the sports hall to a height of 1.8 m should not have protrusions, and those that are due to the design, including various multi-component projectiles, devices or simulators, must be removed so as not to create traumatic protrusions. Where possible, it is desirable to have closable niches for storing various small and medium-sized handouts. Heating devices must be covered with nets or shields and must not protrude beyond the sports hall markings.

6.1.10. The opening connecting the sports hall with the inventory room must be at least two meters wide and high and not have a protruding threshold.

6.1.11. The window openings of the sports hall should be located along the longitudinal walls. Glazing of windows must have a protective fence against ball impacts, as well as a device for opening transoms in order to ventilate the sports hall.

6.1.12. In the buildings of an educational institution, the ceilings above the sports hall should be difficult to combust with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours. It is not allowed to insulate the floors of the sports hall with peat, sawdust and other flammable materials.

6.1.13. The attic space of the sports hall must be kept clean and locked. The keys to the attic space should be kept in a certain place, accessible for receiving them at any time of the day. It is forbidden to store sports equipment and training equipment in attic spaces.

6.1.14. Sources of artificial lighting of the sports hall (fluorescent lamps with a color temperature of 3500 0 K are optimal) must provide sufficient lighting (table No. 1).

Table No. 1

The smallest artificial illumination in the premises of a general educational institution (SanPiN No. 14-46-96)

p/n	Name of the premises of the working surface	Plane G - horizontal, B - vertical, height above the floor	Name of artificial illumination in lux (lx)		Specific power (watt per 1m 2) incandescent lamps	Specific power with fluorescent lamps
			When illuminated by incandescent lamps	When illuminated by fluorescent lamps
	Gym	Floor, B - 2m from the floor on both sides on longitudinal axis of the room
	Shell, inventory, Storerooms	G - 0.8m
	indoor swimming pool	G - on water surface
	Teachers' rooms	G - 0.8m
	bathrooms	Floor

6.1.15. The main premises of buildings of educational institutions should have natural and artificial lighting.

Top (or top and side) natural lighting is allowed for recreations, halls, sports halls, rhythms, pools; lighting with a second light of walk-through corridors that are not recreational, dressing rooms in sports halls and swimming pools, rhythm halls; do not provide for natural lighting in the shell, showers and toilets at sports halls, shooting galleries, ski storage rooms.

6.1.16. For fluorescent lighting, lamps of the LB, LE type and others are used in agreement with the territorial bodies of the state sanitary supervision, or lamps with incandescent lamps of a fully reflective or predominantly reflected light distribution, while the use of lamps with protective angles of less than 30 0 is not allowed.

6.1.17. Do not use open (unprotected) fluorescent lamps.

6.1.18. Luminaires with fluorescent lamps, equipped with ballasts with reduced noise level.

6.1.19. The distance between the rows of lamps and the inner (outer) wall should be 1.5 m; between two rows of lamps - 2m.

6.1.20. Electric lamps should be cleaned as they get dirty, but at least once every three months.

Forbidden Involve students in cleaning lighting fittings.

6.1.21. Lighting control should provide the possibility of partial shutdown of the lighting installation. For this purpose, the electrical network supplying the sports hall must be equipped with circuit breakers or two-pole switches. Knife switches should be installed at the entrance or outside the premises - in the corridor, on the landing, etc.

6.1.22. For mechanized cleaning in the sports hall, at least two sockets should be provided in two opposite corners of the hall. All socket outlets must be fitted with safety plugs.

6.1.23. Indoor sports facilities must be equipped with emergency lighting that provides illumination of at least 0.5 lux on the floor along the line of the main walkways and stairs. In this case, the emergency lighting network must be either separate or with automatic switching in an emergency to emergency lighting power supplies.

6.1.24. Ventilation indoor sports facilities should be carried out through the method of ventilation of the hall through windows and transoms, as well as with the help of special ventilation supply and exhaust devices. At the same time, they must be in good order, subject to scheduled preventive maintenance, periodic technical and sanitary and hygienic testing.

6.1.25. The air temperature in the premises of educational institutions should be:

– in sports halls – +15 +18 0 С

– in locker rooms at sports halls – +19 +23 0 С

- in showers - not lower than +25 0 С

6.1.26. The air exchange rate must be in accordance with SNiP "Public buildings and structures":

- in sports halls - 80 cubic meters / hour for 1 person (supply, exhaust).

6.1.27. Separate exhaust ventilation systems should be provided for the following premises (groups of premises): sports halls, swimming pool, shooting range, sanitary facilities.

6.1.28. Physical education lessons should be held in well-aerated halls by opening windows on the leeward side at an outside air temperature above +5 0 C and an outside air speed of no more than 2 m / s or transoms at a lower air temperature and more speed air movement. Through ventilation of the sports hall at an outdoor temperature below -10 0 C and an air velocity of more than 7 m / s is carried out in the absence of students.

6.1.29. Dressing rooms for students should have at least 0.18 m 2 area per seat.

6.1.30. In locker rooms for girls and boys at sports halls, in addition to showers and toilets, a room with the installation of 3-4 washbasins should be provided.

6.1.31. Wardrobes in locker rooms are installed in one tier. The width of the passages between the benches and cabinets must be at least 1.0 m. It is forbidden to install mirrors, items of equipment in the aisles, clutter them with inventory.

6.1.32. Shower cabins must be equipped with individual cold and hot water mixers with control fittings located at the entrance to the cabin, wooden floor grates, and shelves for accessories.

6.1.33. The dimensions of open shower cabins in the axes of the partitions must be at least 0.9 x 0.9 m.

6.1.34. Between the pediment of shower cabins and opposite rows of shower cabins - at least 1.5 m.

6.1.35. The air exchange rate in the dressing rooms is 1.5, and in the shower rooms - 5.0 m 3 /hour.

6.1.36. In the premises of the main sports facilities, an evacuation plan for those involved in case of fire or natural disaster should be posted in a conspicuous place. This evacuation plan should provide for the rescue of students from the territory of all premises and places of physical education classes, including from all auxiliary premises.

6.1.37. The distance to the doors leading to the emergency exit from the farthest point in the gym should not exceed 27m. Doors intended for evacuation should open towards the exit from the room. The gym must have at least two doors.

6.1.38. The doors of emergency exits in sports halls can only be locked from the inside, using easy-to-open locks, latches or hooks. It is strictly forbidden to score tightly or clutter up the doors of emergency exits from the gym.

6.1.39. The equipment of indoor sports facilities of general educational institutions with special fire-fighting equipment is carried out on the basis of the current fire safety rules. The use of fire equipment and equipment for household needs not related to fire fighting is strictly prohibited.

A sports hall is a building or part of a building equipped in a certain way, the purpose of which is educational and sports work and competitions. Gym design must take into account many factors.

Types of gyms

The purpose of the hall depends on its size, shape, design features. Usually there are two types of gyms: specialized and universal. The purpose of a specialized gym is a specific type of activity. The most common type of sports hall is a hall with equipment designed for gymnastics, and a games hall with basketball and volleyball courts. Universal sports halls allow you to simultaneously or alternately engage in several sports. Universal halls usually come in three types: large, medium and small. The area of ​​a rectangular sports hall is calculated based on the specific values ​​of the length and width of the hall. The length of the large gym is 42 m, the middle one is 36 m, the small one is 30 m, respectively, the width of the large gym is 24 m, the middle and small one is 18 m.

The area of ​​a conventional gym is calculated as follows: from 5-6 m² is allocated per person, for an aerobic hall - 2 m² for each student. Toilets, showers, reception desks, staff quarters are taken into account. Usually the minimum dimensions sports club lie in the range from 140 to 250 m², it all depends on the number of potential visitors and the number of simulators. The optimal area is considered to be about 200 m² - on such an area you can safely place the most popular simulators. Too small size will require the exclusion of some simulators, so you will have to think more carefully about the equipment of the hall. You can think over the specialization of the hall - decide on the contingent of visitors. Usually for one power simulator consumed from 5 m² (and preferably 7 m²), for a cardio machine - from 9 m² (ellipsoid, treadmill). For a compact cardio machine - about 4 m² (exercise bike, stepper). The size of any fitness areas can be larger if there is free space.

Good ventilation plays a huge role in any size gym. It is important to avoid stagnation of air to create comfortable conditions for those involved. Stale air, a draft, a stuffy room can cause discomfort and deterioration of well-being. Exhaust air saturated with carbon dioxide must be removed, clean air must be supplied to the room, and drafts must be avoided.

School gyms

School physical education lessons are no less important than any other subjects. The vast majority of school subjects develop mental abilities. Physical education allows you to develop the body and spirit. The child needs movement - this is a biological feature of a growing organism that allows it to form and develop normally. School gyms are universal due to the variety of forms and content. practical exercises on lessons. In addition to physical culture and health-improving classes and training, a universal sports hall can accommodate local competitions, public events, and dances.

There are regulations that are spelled out in a special document on sanitary and hygienic requirements - they must be taken into account when equipping a gym. Unfortunately, in Russia, many educational institutions do not comply with these regulations, which endangers the health and safety of students.

The best location for a gym is on the first floor, where there should also be a separate block with access to an outdoor sports area. The following structure of the gym has been adopted: two showers and changing rooms, two toilets, a room for equipment, for a teacher. After changing clothes, students should immediately get to class, without interfering with strangers.

Rent of sports halls in St. Petersburg

All halls

The dimensions of sports halls are standardized in a certain way to ensure the most effective training process and maintain a certain physical and chemical state of the air. The size of the gym and their number depend on the number of students. If the number of classes in the school varies from 8 to 20, the area of ​​the sports hall should be 162 m². In the presence of 20-30 classes - 288 m², from 40 classes - two halls (144 and 288 m²). If the school has 50 classes, the area of ​​the large gym should be 450 m², the small gym should be 144 m². As a rule, the appointments of small gyms are classes with primary school students.

Sports halls of sufficient size provide an optimal area for training, the necessary amount of air and safety of training. Therefore, it is important to take into account the number of students in the hall: the figure is calculated as follows: from 4 m² of room area and from 18-20 m³ of hall volume for each student. You can calculate the optimal height for the gym based on the overall dimensions of the space, its value should be from 4.8-6 m.

The hall must be well ventilated. If it is not enough, and the dimensions of the hall are small, then the content of carbon dioxide in the air will greatly exceed the norm, the content of dust and microbes will increase. For air exchange, it is necessary to ventilate the room between lessons.

Ideally, the windows in the gym are located on both sides for good lighting and cross-ventilation. Can combine artificial and natural lighting. Window panes are usually covered with nets or bars to ensure the safety of students.

Optimal air-thermal regime: humidity 30-50%, air movement 0.06-0.25 m/s, temperature 15-17 °C. Creating an optimal microclimate due to well-chosen dimensions of the gym is a very important task. Heating and ventilation systems are selected, due to which basic hygiene requirements can be met.

Reference manual for SNiP

SERIES FOUNDED IN 1989

Design of sports halls, premises for physical culture and recreation
and indoor skating rinks artificial ice

Editor E. I. Fedotova.

Developed by . The construction and technological issues of designing sports buildings with halls for practicing various sports are outlined.

For engineering and technical workers of design and construction organizations and architects.

FOREWORD

IN reference guide progressive construction and technological solutions for the design of sports buildings with halls for acrobatics, badminton, basketball, boxing, wrestling (classical, freestyle, sambo, judo), volleyball, handball, athletics, sports and rhythmic gymnastics, tennis, table tennis, weightlifting, fencing, football, indoor skating rinks with artificial ice, as well as facilities for physical culture and recreation activities of the population.

The design of sports buildings with halls and (or) indoor skating rinks intended for the national teams of the USSR and the Olympic reserve is carried out according to special assignments of the USSR State Sports Committee; however, deviations from the recommendations given in this manual are possible.

Developed by TsNIIEP them. B.S. Mezentseva (engineers A.P. Golubinsky, I.S. Schweitzer, candidates of architecture E.M. Los, N.B. Mezentseva, M.R. Savchenko, N.S. Strigaleva, G.I. Bykova , A.V. Egerev, architects V.P. Rumyantseva, engineers A.I. Zuikov, N.A. Smirnova, V.A. Soldatov, V.V. Filippov, V.B. Shteinbrecht). With the participation of the Soyuzsportproekt (candidate of technical sciences B.L. Belenky, engineer Yu.V. Prokudin) and MISI im. Kuibysheva (Doctor of Engineering Sciences V.V. Kholshchevnikov, Candidate of Engineering Sciences A.N. Ovsyannikov).

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. Inclusion of dormitories or hotels for non-resident participants of competitions or training camps in the composition of sports facilities, their capacity and category are determined by the design task.

For those living in the hostel, a canteen with a dining room for 50% of the residents is provided.

The design of hostels or hotels that are part of sports facilities is carried out taking into account the relevant standards; at the same time, in hostels it is recommended to arrange blocks of two living rooms for 2-3 people each with a common sanitary unit for both rooms with a washbasin, shower and toilet bowl.

1.2. When the building with sports halls (skating rinks) includes the administrative premises of the councils of the DSO, sports schools, sports museums, clubs of masters of sports and other premises not intended for sports, the composition and area of ​​\u200b\u200bthese premises are determined by the design task.

1.3. App. 1 shows the terms and their definitions.

2. PLOTS (TERRITORY)

2.1. At the construction site, the pavement of driveways is accepted in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.05.02-85 for capital or lightweight pavements.

Separate paths for the safe movement of disabled people in wheelchairs leading to sports and demonstration or sports and entertainment facilities are provided with a width of at least 1.2 m, and their coverage is accepted in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.05. tracks. The type of pavement of footpaths is arbitrary.

2.2. The width of the movement paths for spectators on the territory of the facility is taken at the rate of at least 1 m per 500 spectators.

2.3. At the entrances for spectators to the buildings of sports halls and indoor skating rinks, to facilitate the process of entry and exit of spectators, free areas are provided at the rate of 0.3 m 2 per spectator attributable to this entrance. The definition of the form of the plan of the free area is given in fig. 1.

Rice. 1. Determining the shape of the free area plan for outdoor
entrances and exits of spectators from sports buildings

h = 1.73d 1 ; , S = 0.3N - the width of the entrance-exit, N - the number of spectators per given entrance-exit; S - the estimated area of ​​the site at the entrance-exit of spectators from the sports building.

3. SPACE-PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION
BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS

General requirements

3.1. Sports halls and skating rinks, depending on the purpose, can be: specialized or universal; with or without seats for spectators; sports demonstration and sports entertainment. The purpose of the hall (skating rink) is determined in the design assignment. In the buildings of sports and demonstration and sports and entertainment halls and skating rinks, to ensure the use of these facilities by disabled people moving in wheelchairs, measures are provided in relation to those given in the Standard Instruction approved by the State Committee for Architecture by order. No. 187 of June 30, 1988, and paras. 2.1 and 3.48 of this Manual.

3.2. The construction dimensions and throughput of skating rinks and specialized sports halls (except for athletics halls), as well as the dimensions and throughput of arenas for holding competitions in these types in sports and demonstration or sports and entertainment halls, are taken according to Table. 1.

The dimensions of the halls (skating rinks) given in the table are based on the dimensions and arrangement of one set sports equipment and inventory provided for by the current Table of equipment and inventory approved by the USSR State Sports Committee, and for sports games, in addition, on the requirements of the current Rules for these games, approved by the USSR State Sports Committee.

Table 1

	Construction hall dimensions, m			Bandwidth		Arena dimensions for competition in a sports and demonstration or sports and entertainment hall, m
			height to the bottom of you-step-soldering structures	during training-but-training-nir-at-the-clock classes in the hall, pers./ shift	at competitions in the arenas of sports-demonstration or sports-spectacle halls, pers.			mini-small height (within the area of ​​the arena)
Sport halls
1. Acrobatics
2. Badmin tone. For one site
3. Basket ball. For one site					48 (4 teams of 12)
4. Boxing. For one ring
5. Fight:
classical
skye, freestyle, sambo					(For one carpet with a diameter 9 m)
judo. For one tatami carpet
6. Volleyball. For one site					48 (4 teams of 12)
7. Handball. For one site					48 (4 teams of 12)
8. Sports gymnastics
9. Artistic gymnastics. For one site
10. Tennis. For one site
11. Tennis
desktop. For three tables					(for each table)	(per table)
12. Heavy
athletics. For four platforms					(per one per bridge)	(for one platform)
13. Fekhtova
nie. On four tracks					(per track)
14. Football. For one field					64 (4 teams of 16)
Halls of indoor skating rinks
ice skating	Working ice area (61´ 30)
16. Hockey					100 (4 teams of 25 each)

* When placing two or more courts in the hall, the width of two adjacent (in length) courts can be taken as 15.1 m for badminton and 34 m for tennis.

* 2 With two carpets with a diameter of 9 m, the length is assumed to be 32 m, with three - 46 m, with four - 60 m, and the capacity, respectively, 40, 60 and 80 people.

* 3 With two "tatami" the length is taken as 36 m, with three - 52 m, with four - 68 m, and the capacity, respectively, 40, 60 and 80 people.

* 4 With three or more venues in one hall, the capacity of each is 6 people. in shift.

Notes: 1. When designing sports halls for several playgrounds and (or) for more equipment, the size of the halls and their throughput per shift increase accordingly.

2. For sports, for which training sessions are also provided in sports and demonstration or sports and entertainment halls, the throughput is taken according to the largest of the indicators given in gr. 5 and 6.

3. When the purpose of the hall for competitions is not higher than the regional (regional) scale, the size of the arena area and height, as a rule, are taken equal to the size of the area and the height of the sports hall (see gr. 2, 3 and 4), and the throughput - according to gr. 5.

4. Since the buildings of the sports buildings provide for a room for individual strength training (see clause 3.7), in the halls for boxing and wrestling, there will be placement of simulators and other auxiliary equipment for physical training Not recommended. In these cases, the size of the boxing hall is reduced to 15´ 12 m, and the throughput is reduced to 14 people / shift. In the wrestling hall shown in the table, two paired mats with a diameter of 7 m or one mat with an optimal diameter of 9 m can be accommodated for training sessions for beginners and junior wrestlers.

When auxiliary equipment is removed from the hall, the size of the hall with a carpet with a diameter of 9 m is reduced to 18´ 15 m with a capacity of 12 people, and with paired carpets with a diameter of 7 m - to 24´ 12 m with a capacity of 13 people / shift. In the latter case, the walls of the hall with carpets up to a height of 1.8 m must be upholstered.

5. When conducting simultaneous classes for men and women, a common place for floor exercises is provided (in the hall for artistic gymnastics).

6. In table tennis halls with a larger number of tables, the size of the hall is taken on the basis of an area of ​​7.75´ 4.5 m for each table.

7. In fencing halls with a different number of lanes, the width of the hall during training sessions is taken on the basis of 5 m per lane plus 4 m for each lane in excess of the first, and the throughput is taken at the rate of 5 people. for each track.

8. In accordance with the regulation of the USSR State Sports Committee, it is allowed to increase the size of the hall (arena) for football, but not more than up to 113´ 72 m, without changing the throughput shown in the table.

9. In sports and demonstration halls, sports and entertainment halls and indoor ice rinks, in accordance with the calculated height of the tribune, the height of the hall (at least above the tribune) compared to that given in the table may increase based on the fact that the distance from the floor of the last row of the tribune to the protruding ceiling structures, at least 2.2 m is accepted. The minimum height of the hall space required for the “circus on stage” performances (counting from the stage surface) is 10 m.

3.3. The construction dimensions of universal sports halls (skating rinks) are taken according to the largest of the indicators for these types given in Table. 1, and throughput - according to the smallest specific area per student, which is determined as follows:

a) in halls (skating rinks) specialized in sports, the specific area per one student is determined, for which the area of ​​​​the hall (skating rink) for a given type is divided by its capacity;

b) the throughput of the universal hall (skating rink) is determined by dividing its area by the minimum specific area obtained according to clause 3.3, a.

So, for example, the calculation of the capacity of a sports hall with a size of 42´ 24 m (1008 m 2), intended for training sessions in badminton, volleyball, basketball, tennis and handball, is as follows:

a) take from the table. 1 the dimensions and throughput of the halls specialized for each of these types, and determine the area per one involved: badminton - 15´ 9 m - divide the area by 8 and get an area of ​​17 m 2; volleyball - 24´ 15 m - divide the area by 24 and get an area of ​​\u200b\u200b15 m 2; basketball - 30´ 18 m - divide the area by 24 and get an area of ​​\u200b\u200b22 m 2; tennis - 36´ 18 m - divide the area by 12 and get an area of ​​\u200b\u200b54 m 2; handball - 42´ 24 m - divide by 24 and get an area of ​​\u200b\u200b42 m 2.

As a result, it turns out that the smallest is the specific area equal to 15 m 2;

b) the capacity of the universal hall is determined by dividing its area (1008 m 2) by the minimum specific area (15 m 2) - 1008:15 = 67 people / shift.

3.4. Sports and demonstration and sports and entertainment halls and skating rinks are designed, as a rule, universal: with an arena that can be transformed for alternate holding of competitions in several sports or several types of cultural entertainment or social events.

App. 2 shows examples of plans for the transformation of the arenas of a sports demonstration or sports and entertainment rink for holding competitions in a number of sports. At the same time, the competition gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, acrobatics, wrestling (classical, freestyle, sambo and judo) and boxing are held on platforms, and competitions in volleyball, basketball, handball, tennis and mini-football are held on decks. When holding competitions in manual sports games in sports and demonstration or sports and entertainment halls with wooden floors, floorings are not used.

3.5. In sports and entertainment halls and skating rinks, a stage (usually collapsible) is provided for holding cultural entertainment and social events. The size of the stage (including the area for the accumulation of artists) is recommended to take, as a rule, 18´ 14 m in halls with an arena less than 65´ 26 m and 24´ 18 m in halls with an arena of 65´ 36 m or more. On fig. 4 app. 2 shows options for placing a stage in the arena of a sports and entertainment rink. The choice of option is determined based on the possibility of maximum use of stationary seats for spectators located within the horizontal angle a = 120 ° and the permissible distance to the stage, taken equal to 40 m. Outside the stage (behind or on the sides), it is desirable to provide a free area with a width of at least m. The stage is equipped with two to six planned curtains.

3.6. In the buildings of sports and demonstration and sports and entertainment halls (except for halls for athletics) and skating rinks, based on their universal use for competitions in many sports, a hall is provided for the warm-up of the competitors, located in a convenient connection with the arena. All the time when competitions are not held at the facility, this hall is recommended to be used autonomously for training sessions in sports games, in connection with which locker rooms with showers and latrines are provided for them. The dimensions of the halls are recommended to take:

30´ 18 m (for badminton, volleyball, basketball) 8 m high capacity 36 people/shift;

42´ 24 m (for badminton, volleyball, basketball, tennis and handball) 8 m high with a capacity of 67 people/shift.

Schemes of plans for arranging equipment in these halls are accepted, as a rule, according to adj. 3.

3.7. In the buildings of sports buildings with one or more halls and in the buildings of indoor skating rinks, one common room for the entire building is provided for individual strength training, including on simulators, located in a convenient connection with the halls and dressing rooms for them. The size of the premises is assumed to be 12´ 6 m in plan with a height of 3 m. With a capacity of less than 20 people / shift, the size of the room in the plan can be reduced to 9´ 4.5 m. 7 app. 3.

3.8. Gyms for weightlifting and track and field athletics, gymnastics and football, as well as halls for indoor ice rinks with artificial ice, rooms for individual strength training and other rooms that provide for the installation of platforms for weight training, are usually located on the ground floor, and in halls for athletics, football and indoor skating rinks, in addition, gates with a width of at least 3.5 m are provided for the entry of trucks. When the design temperature of the outside air is minus 15 °C (parameter B) and below, at the entrances to the hall (skating rink), the installation of vestibules or air-thermal curtains is provided.

3.9. Enclosing and load-bearing structures, as well as the floors of sports halls, must allow the possibility of attaching stationary and portable sports equipment to them and be calculated taking into account the loads from it. When calculating the load, in addition to the mass of the equipment, it is also necessary to take into account the mass of the student, taken equal to 100 kg, taking into account its dynamic nature.

The composition of sports equipment and inventory for equipping sports halls for certain sports and skating rinks is accepted according to the current Table of equipment, inventory and other sports and technological means for equipping sports facilities for mass use of the USSR State Sports Committee.

3.10. The design of floors and bases under them in the halls for football and athletics, as well as in the halls of ice rinks, the design of the cooling plate and the bases under it are calculated for the additional live load from the passage of a two-axle truck. When the hall is located on the floor, the latter is calculated for a temporary uniformly distributed design load of at least 5 kPa (for the highest load).

The design of the floor and the calculation of the foundations in the places of installation of platforms for exercising with weights are carried out taking into account the shock load from the barbell falling onto the platform from a height of 2.4 m; the weight of the bar in weightlifting halls is 250 kg, and in other halls and in rooms for individual strength training - 180 kg.

Platforms for weight training should not be connected to the floor of the room and be installed on an independent foundation. It is recommended to place a shock-absorbing device under the platform. The following platform installation option can be recommended: an opening is provided in the floor of the hall, at the platform installation site; in the opening on an independent foundation, a base with a flat horizontal surface is arranged, on which a 50 mm diameter rubber hose rolled into a spiral is laid, over which a platform is placed.

The use of weightlifting platforms is provided, as a rule, factory-made or made according to the drawings of the All-Union Scientific Research and Design and Technology Institute for Sports Products (address: 127474, Moscow, Dmitrovskoe shosse, 62). At the same time, as operation practice shows, when a rod falls onto a platform, the surface of the platform is damaged after a rather short time, which entails the need to replace the entire expensive platform. Based on this, standard scaffolds are used, as a rule, only in competitions where their use is mandatory, and for training sessions, instead of installing scaffolds, it is recommended to provide a special floor design. This design provides for the installation of two concrete wells, having dimensions (clean) 2.0´ 0.6 m in plan and a depth of 0.45 m. Two layers of wooden bars are laid on the bottom of these wells, and five layers of sheet rubber or rubber-like materials (each layer 50 mm thick). Between the inner walls of the wells (the distance is 0.9 m), a plank or block floor is arranged (along the logs installed on the concrete underlying layer laid on the underlying soil). On both sides of the wooden floor, flush with it, sheet rubber is laid, which covers the wells and a zone 0.75-1 m wide on both sides outside them.

3.11. The designs of window casings and stained-glass windows of sports halls, halls of indoor skating rinks, as well as choreographic classes are provided in such a way as to provide the possibility of wiping glass and ventilation through transoms, vents or other devices.

Sport halls

3.12. Sports halls, intended mainly for training sessions, are provided, as a rule, specialized. So, for example, due to labor-intensive transformation (change of equipment), it is highly undesirable to provide training sessions in sports games in the same room alternately with boxing, wrestling or artistic gymnastics. The most expedient is the combination in one hall of classes in several types of sports games (volleyball, badminton, basketball, tennis, handball).

3.13. When designing universal sports halls with a size of 42´ 24 m and more, it is recommended to provide for dividing them with the help of lifting, sliding, etc. separating devices into sections, the size of each of which allows independent training sessions in them for sports that require a smaller area than the area of ​​the hall as a whole.

On fig. 2, a, b, c show options for dividing the halls into sections, and in fig. 2, d shows the option of using the entire area of ​​the hall for handball competitions. When using the hall for competitions in volleyball, tennis or basketball, each of these sites is located one along the hall.

Rice. 2. Variants of schemes for dividing halls into sections
(dimensions in meters)

a - the plan of the hall measuring 42´ 24 m (or 45´ 24 m) with its division into three sections for volleyball training sessions; b - plan of the hall measuring 48´ 30 m when dividing it into three sections for basketball lessons; c - variant of dividing the hall 48´ 30 m into four sections for volleyball lessons; d - the plan of the hall with a size of 48´ 30 m when using its area for handball competitions with the placement of spectators on wall bleacher stands

1 - transformable separating devices; 2 - volleyball courts; 3 - basketball courts; 4 - handball court; 5 - zone of wall bleacher stands for spectators

For more convenient use of sections, it is possible to provide for each of them blocks of dressing rooms with showers and sanitary facilities, as well as inventory.

The throughput of a hall divided into sections is determined as the sum of the maximum throughputs of the sections.

With the division of the hall into sections, it is necessary to apply protective measures against the blinding effect of lateral natural lighting due to the location of the sites across the hall. In addition, it should be borne in mind that in each section (especially those located in the central part of the hall) the attachment of sports equipment to separating devices is excluded, in connection with this, the composition of sports equipment in each section is forcedly reduced compared to the hall having a size equal to sections.

3.14. Examples of equipment layouts on the plans of the halls for training sessions in gymnastics, sports games, boxing and weightlifting are given in Appendix. 3.

Note. In connection with periodic changes in the design of equipment and the time sheet of equipment and inventory approved by the USSR State Sports Committee, for specific design, it is necessary to adjust the materials given in the Manual in accordance with the current drawings and the Time sheet.

3.15. In a sports building with a tennis hall, with two or more courts in it, it is recommended to provide a hall with a size of 18´ 12 m, a height of 6 m with a training wall with a height of at least 3 m. The capacity of the room is 4 people / shift.

3.16. Athletics halls are intended for both competitions and training sessions. Designation only for training sessions (without seats for spectators) can be provided, as a rule, only if there is an athletics hall with seats for spectators in a given locality.

The height of the halls for athletics (to the bottom of the protruding structures) is accepted in the halls with stationary stands for spectators at least 9 m (see also Note 2 to Table 1), and in the halls intended for training sessions - 9 m Depending on the constructive solution of the flooring of the hall, the height above the running tracks can be reduced to 4 m, and above the places for high jumps, long jumps and triple jumps - up to 5 m.

The dimensions of the halls for athletics in the plan are determined depending on the parameters of the tracks for running in a circle and in a straight line and the number of places for certain types athletics, adopted in the design assignment; at the same time, at least one place is provided for long jump (triple jump), high jump and pole jump, shot put and, if possible, places for training javelin and discus throws into a device for delaying flying projectiles.

The dimensions of these places and their throughput are given in App. 4.

3.17. The track for running in a circle is a closed circuit, consisting of two parallel straight segments of equal length, smoothly connected by two identical turns (Fig. 3).

Rice. 3. Plan options for athletics tracks
for running in circles in the halls

I - pairing of turns with straight sections is carried out using a transition curve; II - the entire turn is made with one radius

a - a straight line; b - part of the turn, which has a variable slope (in diagram I - includes a section of the transition curve); c - part of the turn, which has a constant (maximum) slope; f - finish line; a is the central angle of turn within which the turn has the same slope

Turns can be described by a single radius (Fig. 3, b) or pairing of turns with straight segments is carried out using a transition curve (Fig. 3, a), which is optimal; multi-center rotations are allowed.

The radii of single-center turns are taken not less than 11 and not more than 20 m. When pairing turns with straight segments using a transition curve or with multi-center turns, the length of straight segments must be at least 35 m; at the same time, the length of sections of turns having a curvature described by a radius of 25.6 m or more refers to the estimated length of the straight segment. Tracks with a length of 166.67 m are recommended to be designed with single-center turns. Along the entire length of the turns of the track for running in a circle, turns should be arranged with a slope of at least 10 ° and not more than 18 ° in the steepest part with a decrease in the slope by 53 for each 1 m increase in the radius of the turn within the central angle a, where the slope is constant . The value of the angle a is recommended to be taken as 125-135° when pairing turns with straight segments using a transition curve and 50-60° for single-center turns. It is not recommended to arrange a variable slope throughout the turn.

Stationary turns are performed, as a rule, concrete. Along the inner perimeter of the track for running in a circle, a stationary or removable curb made of hard material is arranged, protruding 5 cm above the surface of the track and having a width of not more than 5 cm. The upper edge of the curb must be rounded and lie in the same horizontal plane. As a removable edge, flags about 0.25´ 0.2 m in size, installed on the line marked at the place of the edge, 5 cm wide, can be used on poles tilted inside the circle at an angle of 60 ° (the pole should protrude 0.3 m above the surface of the track) at a distance of not more than 4 m from each other, instead of flags, cones with a height of at least 0.3 m can be installed on the line. It is recommended to replace the edge with the installation of flags or cones described above.

The estimated length of the track for running in a circle in accordance with the rules of athletics competitions approved by the USSR State Sports Committee should be no more than 200 m. In halls intended for training sessions and competitions, the optimal length is 200 m, and in halls intended for training sessions only, the recommended length is 166.67 m. turning radius (but not track width).

The finish line in running is accepted, as a rule, common for all distances and is located at the junction of a straight segment with a turn.

On the track for running in a circle during competitions, at least four and no more than six separate tracks with a width of 0.9 to 1.1 m each are placed. In halls intended only for training sessions, the number of separate tracks for running in a circle can be reduced to two.

A 1.1 m high fence made of plywood, boards or plexiglass is installed along the outer border of the track for running in a circle on bends. The surface of the fence facing the walkway is smooth, without protrusions or slots.

The capacity of the track for running in a circle is taken at the rate of 8 people / shift for each individual track with a length of 200 and 6 people / shift with a shorter length.

3.18. The length of the track for straight running consists of the length of the actual running distance, the space before the start line (generally 3 m long, but not less than 1.5 m) and the space after the finish line (at least 15 m long). In the latter case, if it is impossible to provide the required space after the finish, it is recommended to provide soft stops (for example, upholstering the wall in this area with mats), which guarantee safety for those involved.

For running in a straight line, a track is provided, as a rule, based on a distance of 60 m. If possible, a track is provided for running at distances of 100 and 110 m.

On the track for straight running in competitions there are not less than six and not more than eight separate tracks with a width of 1.25 m each.

The straight track can be placed outside or inside the outline of the lap track. However, it is desirable to place it outside the contour of the track for running in a circle, which allows its use both in competitions and in training sessions, regardless of the use and location of the places for athletics jumps and shot put.

When the track for running in a straight line inside the contour of the track for running in a circle is located, it can only be used during competitions, and its length should provide for running only at a distance of up to 60 m (with a length of a circular track of 200 m) or 50 m (with a length of a circular track). tracks 166.67 m). In order to be able to conduct training sessions in running in a straight line in these cases, it is recommended to additionally provide a track for running in a straight line, which can be taken out of the span of the hall, the number of separate tracks on it can be reduced to two or three, and the ceiling height is reduced to 4 m

The straight line finish line in track and field athletics halls with stationary stands is usually located on the continuation of the finish line in a circle run, which allows from the judges box (see paragraph 3.48 and Fig. 9) to receive all runners without moving from one finish line to another. When reconstructing existing premises and destining them for competitions below the national level or only for training sessions, individual deviations from the above parameters of the running tracks are allowed, in agreement with the relevant committees for physical culture and sports.

The capacity of the track for running in a straight line (regardless of the length of the distance) is determined at the rate of 4 people / shift for each individual track.

The total throughput per shift of athletics halls is taken as the sum of the throughput of running tracks for running in a straight line, in a circle and places for individual types of athletics that are not combined with each other and can be used simultaneously.

Examples of plans for athletics halls are given in Appendix. 5.

3.19. As part of the buildings of sports and demonstration halls for athletics for warm-up before competitions, as a rule, a room is provided for at least 6 m wide (in construction axes), at least 4 m high and, as a rule, equal to the length of the hall, but not less than 78 m. This room is located in a convenient connection with the dressing rooms for the competitors and the arena.

3.20. Floors in gyms, depending on the purpose of the latter by sport, can be wooden or have a synthetic coating.

If the base of the floor is laid on the ground, then complete removal of the vegetation layer and measures are provided to eliminate deformations in the form of subsidence and bulging, as well as capillary suction of moisture under the coatings.

3.21. It is recommended to arrange wooden floors, as a rule, in all sports halls (except for athletics and football halls) and provide for two types: I - from a board 37 mm thick (in the prison) and II - from a bar with a section of 60´ 60 mm. Type II floors can be made of two layers with a pad between the layers of paper or glassine.

Floor constructions with wooden covering type I and II are shown in fig. 4.

Rice. 4. Schemes of structures of wooden floors (dimensions in millimeters) Type I - plank; type II - from a bar

a - on the ground; b - on the floor

1 - wooden coating; 2 - lag; 3 - gasket 200-250 mm long; 4 - two layers of roofing; 5 - brick column on a cement-sand mortar; 6 - underlying layer; 7 - base soil; 8 - leveling cement-sand screed; 9 - floor slab with uneven surface; 10 - connections between lags; 11 - floor slab with a thin surface

Note. The span of the lag (distance between the axes of the columns) when installing floors of type I "a" is assumed to be 0.8-0.9 m

Type II wooden floors are provided in gymnastics halls due to the fact that:

typical embedded parts for fastening gymnastic apparatus are fastened to the floor with screws 50 mm long, and fastening is ensured if the screws are completely in the body of the floor covering;

when exercising on gymnastic apparatus, the floor of the hall (through embedded parts) experiences great efforts in the attachment points of the apparatus, therefore, connections are provided between the lags, which are established in a checkerboard pattern with a step of 2.5 m.

When installing wooden floors, keep in mind the following:

a) boards and bars are selected with the least possible number of knots, the removal of which must be carried out by drilling them and laying wooden plugs;

b) boards and bars are laid along the hall, and their joints are arranged apart and rest on logs;

c) fasten the boards (bars) to the logs with nails and always with an oblique slaughter.

In cases where the hall is located on the second floor and there are auxiliary rooms under it with a permanent stay of people in them, it is recommended to provide soundproofing.

In particular, arrange soundproof tape pads under the floor logs (Fig. 5):

mineral wool mats 40-50 mm thick stitched in paper;

mineral wool mats 30-40 mm thick on a synthetic bond;

quilted fiberglass mats 30-40 mm thick;

mineral and fiberglass boards with a thickness of 40-50 mm on a synthetic bond;

wood-fiber insulating boards 16-20 mm thick.

Rice. 5. Scheme of the construction of a wooden floor with a soundproofing device (dimensions in millimeters)

1 - wooden coating; 2 - lag; 3 - soundproof gaskets; 4 - leveling cement-sand screed; 5 - floor slab with uneven surface

3.22. Synthetic coatings used for the floors of sports halls include those recommended by the USSR State Sports Committee and approved by the bodies of the USSR Ministry of Health:

rubber-like prefabricated materials such as "Rezdor", "Arman", "Olympia" and others, produced in the form of plates or sheets with a thickness of at least 13 mm;

type "Regupol", produced in the form of rolls 1.25 m wide and up to 40-45 m long;

self-curing self-curing type "Tartan", based on polyurethane and liquid cold curing rubbers.

The design of the floor with synthetic coating is shown in fig. 6.

Rice. 6. Scheme of the construction of the floor with synthetic coating
(dimensions in mm)

a - on the ground; b - on the floor

1 - synthetic coating; 2 - fine-grained asphalt concrete; 3 - coarse-grained asphalt concrete (binder); 4 - crushed stone base; 5 - base soil; 6 - cement-sand mortar screed; 7 - floor slab with a flat surface

Synthetic coatings are carried out in one or two layers on a concrete or asphalt concrete base.

In athletics halls, it is most expedient to use either rubber-like materials or two-layer coatings with an upper bulk layer with a total thickness of 16 mm; at the same time, in places of repulsion in high jumps, pole vaults and triple jumps, it is recommended to arrange a self-leveling coating for the entire thickness. In the sector for landing the shot, rubber-like materials with a thickness of at least 30 mm are laid. On stationary concrete bends of the track for running in a circle on the concrete surface, a self-curing coating is provided. With removable bends (or parts thereof), the coating is applied to wooden boards laid on a metal frame.

Synthetic surfaces can also be used in other sports halls. For them, a two-layer coating of regupol with an upper bulk layer is recommended.

Rubber-like materials are produced by many factories of rubber products. Laying them and bulk self-hardening coatings is carried out centrally by specialized organizations of the USSR State Committee for Sports.

3.23. Embedded parts for fixing equipment, cut into the floors of the halls, are installed flush with the floor surface.

3.24. In athletics halls for landing in the long jump and triple jump, a pit (pits) with sand is provided in the floor, the surface of which is provided on the same level as the surface of the runway; in the floor of gymnastics halls near gymnastic apparatus, landing pits with soft filler are provided. In universal halls for artistic gymnastics and sports games, as well as in case of forced placement of a hall for artistic gymnastics not on the ground floor, pits for gymnastic apparatus may not be provided.

The dimensions of the landing pits in the long jump and triple jump are shown in fig. 1 app. 5. The dimensions of the pits for gymnastic apparatus are as follows: under the crossbar and under the women's bars - 11-12 m in length and 2.5-3 m in width; for vaults - 5 m long and 2.5-3 m wide. The depth of the pits is 1.1-1.5 m. A pit under the trampoline is possible. In this case, the trampoline grid is located at the floor level of the hall. The length of the pit under the trampoline is 5.53, the width is 3.23 m, the depth is taken equal to the height of the trampoline structure. The pits are covered with shields flush with the floor of the hall, and when open, their edges are covered with removable soft sides. As a soft filler in the pits of gymnastic apparatus, as a rule, foam rubber trimmings are used.

3.25. The design of universal halls for training sessions in artistic gymnastics alternately with sports games is not recommended. If such a combination is necessary (based on the plan shown in Fig. 1, Appendix 3), for floor gymnastic exercises, a carpet is provided instead of flooring, gymnastic walls are installed mainly on the longitudinal walls of the hall, the number of climbing ropes provided for both gymnasts and players, is not summed up and they are installed in the same place, a trampoline (portable, folding) is provided for outdoor (and not in a pit), and mirrors are either not provided at all or are reliably protected from ball impact. In addition, the inventory area is taken on the basis of the need to completely free the hall area from gymnastic equipment during sports games.

3.26. In halls for sports games with a ball, protective devices are provided on windows and lighting fixtures.

3.27. In the halls for sports games (including universal ones), the inner surface of the walls to a height of at least 1.8 m is provided as vertical without protrusions or niches. If, nevertheless, within this height, the structures protrude from the plane of the walls, then it is recommended to place sports equipment (gymnastic walls, etc.) or heating devices between them so that their surface facing the hall is flush with the surface of these structures; or between structures protruding from the plane of the walls (pilasters, columns), screens are provided to a height of at least 1.8 m, protecting students from possible injuries.

The design of screens on heating devices is carried out so as not to reduce the functional qualities of the heating system.

Door casings for sports halls are made flush with the wall of the hall.

3.28. The walls and ceilings of sports halls are painted in light colors, and the material of the walls and their coloring are provided so that wet cleaning can be carried out; in the halls for sports games, the walls and ceiling are also designed to be resistant to ball impacts.

It is allowed to finish the walls with facing bricks with jointing inwards.

3.29. In sports halls for training sessions built into buildings for other purposes or in the space under the stands, or assembled from light metal structures, the presence of columns is allowed if, in accordance with the arrangement of technological equipment and markings, they are in non-working areas and subject to safety zones.

Ice skating rinks

3.30. Indoor rinks with artificial ice are provided, as a rule, universal - for alternate use in hockey and figure skating.

3.31. As part of the buildings of sports demonstration, sports and entertainment and training skating rinks, to ensure the training process, there are common premises for the building for individual strength and acrobatic training with a size of 12´ 6 m, a height of at least 3 and 6 m, respectively, and one choreographic class size 12´ 12 m (in plan), height not less than 4.8 m. For the possibility of its autonomous use, it provides for separate dressing rooms (with showers and latrines attached to them), based on a class capacity of 30 people / shift. Approximate diagrams of the equipment layout plan in the rooms for individual, strength and acrobatic training and in the choreographic class are shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9 app. 3.

Note. When placing a trampoline sheet at the floor level of the room, the height of the room can be reduced to 5 m.

3.32. With a capacity of more than 2,000 spectators for a sports-demonstration or sports-spectacle skating rink (excluding seats in the stalls), it is recommended to additionally provide for an indoor skating rink for training sessions in figure skating and hockey with a working ice area of ​​61´ 30 m. For autonomous operation of this skating rink, separate dressing rooms (with showers and latrines attached to them) are provided for it, based on the throughput per shift given in Table. 1.

If there is a training rink, the location of premises for individual strength and acrobatic training, as well as a choreographic class, is recommended in a convenient connection with the training rink.

3.33. For ballet performances on ice, the size of the ice platform is assumed to be 45´ 24 m. This platform can be located both along the hockey arena and across it (symmetrically to the short axis). In the latter case, an additional ice rink 24 m long (12 m on both sides of the short axis of the arena) and 15 m wide is provided outside the hockey field close to it (see Fig. 3, b appendix 2). This option creates the best (frontal) conditions for observing the performance with a one-sided or sickle-shaped tribune. In addition, when there are no ballet performances, an additional area (24´ 15 m) can be used autonomously for practicing figure skaters to work out individual elements with a throughput determined based on 25 m 2 of ice area per skater.

3.34. In the buildings of indoor ice rinks with artificial ice, intended for figure skating on skates (including universal), it is recommended to additionally provide a training ice area measuring 30´ 20 m for practicing individual elements of figure skating. In sports and entertainment skating rinks, in which an ice performance area is located across the hockey field, a training area for figure skating is not provided.

3.35. The scheme of the design of the cooling plate and the base under it on indoor ice rinks with artificial ice is shown in fig. 7.

Rice. 7. Diagram of the design of the cooling plate and the base under it

1 - cooling plate with refrigeration pipes concreted into it; 2 - protective cement screed; 3 - slip layer; 4 - leveling cement screed; 5 - waterproofing layer; 6 - a layer of thermal insulation; 7 - waterproofing layer; 8 - leveling cement screed; 9 - reinforced concrete slab; 10 - underlying soil

The cooling plate is made of frost-resistant concrete grade F 75 and compressive strength class B 12.5. Plate thickness - no more than 140 mm.

Laying of the cooling plate on subsiding or heaving soils is not allowed.

Solid-drawn pipes are used to circulate the coolant. The thickness of the protective layer of concrete above the pipes to the surface of the slab is 30 mm. The cross section of pipes and the distance between them are determined by calculation.

The sliding layer consists of protective barriers (roofing material, aluminum foil, polyvinyl chloride sheet) and a layer placed between them (about 5 mm thick) of materials with a low coefficient of friction (powdered graphite, talc, graphite-oil emulsion).

The thermal insulation layer is determined by calculating the thermal conductivity and strength.

Crossing the structure of the cooling plate by engineering communications (except for refrigeration pipes) is not allowed.

To ensure the same thickness of ice, the cooling plate is made horizontal, and its surface is even (the gap between the rail 3 m long and the surface of the plate at any point is not more than 5 mm).

Outside the dimensions of the working surface of the field for playing hockey (61´ 30 m), a strip of ice may be provided for fixing the boards. The need to provide a strip and its width are determined depending on the selected type of boards*.

* The Central Institute for Standard Design distributes a standard design of various types of hockey boards 319-M.

3.36. Outside the cooling plate in covered skating rinks, channels are arranged to drain water from melting ice. In sports and demonstration and sports and entertainment indoor skating rinks, the width of the channel is assumed to be at least 0.7 m; and the volume is not less than 45 m 3. In cases where a device is provided in the channel to accelerate the melting of ice, the volume of the channel can be reduced. The channels are covered with removable shields flush with the floor.

Channels for draining water from melting ice are recommended to be arranged on the sides of the cooling plate, free from the collectors of the cold supply system. In skating rinks intended only for training sessions, the width and volume of the channel are not regulated.

Seats for spectators

3.37. In facilities intended for holding competitions, places for spectators are provided in the form of stands or balconies, and in sports and entertainment halls and skating rinks - in the form of stalls.

3.38. Tribunes for spectators are designed, as a rule, in stationary structures with seating; in some cases, transformable or collapsible stands are used. In recent years, in the practice of sports construction, collapsible stands are used extremely rarely, since their assembly and disassembly is laborious and, in addition, require significant storage space. Based on the foregoing, the use of the following types of transformable stands can be recommended:

bleachers - tribunes, consisting of sliding sections of a telescopic type;

stalls of the parterre-tribune type.

Both types of such stands have a limited number of rows (as a rule, within 8-10 for seating), and their use in each individual case is determined by the specific nature of their use.

Bleacher tribune, in the form of retractable sections, has a strictly fixed location (attached to the walls of the hall or to a stationary tribune with the first row raised above the arena) and therefore can be of limited use. By extending a different number of separate sections, it is possible to change the capacity of this stand, which may be of practical importance in the operation of the facility.

The stall stand has a great advantage compared to bleachers, as it is mounted on a mobile platform, it can easily move in any direction around the arena, ensuring its transformation required by the project. which is very important when transforming the arena for holding cultural, entertainment and social events (rally, concert, etc.), when it is necessary to have a stalls.

3.39. Zoning of the location of spectator seats in the stands and building the profile of the stands, as well as determining the location of the observed point (focus), depending on the purpose of the hall by type (s) of sports, are given in Appendix. 6.

3.40. To ensure visual perception of what is happening in the arena, when spectator seats are located on the balcony, it is recommended to place one row of seats on it and one row of places for standing at the rate of 9 spectators per 2 m of the balcony. The balcony is arranged, as a rule, along the longitudinal walls of the hall and preferably so that the projection of the balcony is outside the arena; the balcony should also not interfere with the placement of sports equipment under it.

3.41. Seats for spectators are located outside the arena and the evacuation passage along the rows of spectator seats (if evacuation is provided along the passage in front of the first row).

Tribunes for spectators are located, as a rule, along the longitudinal sides of sports arenas; the location of the stands at the end sides of the arena is provided in cases where a given number of spectator seats cannot be placed within the distances allowed by visibility (see Table 2, Appendix 6), at the longitudinal sides of the arena.

In sports and demonstration and sports and entertainment halls and skating rinks for holding events in the arena that do not use the entire area of ​​the arena, it is allowed to provide for the placement of temporary seats (blichers, stalls and stalls) for spectators directly on the sports arena.

3.42. Stand sizes:

row depth on stationary stands 0.8-0.9 m (on bleachers it can be reduced to 0.75 m);

seat width - 0.45 m;

seating depth in stationary stands - 0.4 m (on bleachers it can be reduced to 0.35 m);

seat height above the floor of the aisle - 0.43 m.

3.43. The estimated number of spectator seats in universal sports and entertainment halls with stalls is determined as the sum of seats in the stalls and in the stands minus seats. located outside the horizontal angle of 120 ° with the top in the middle of the far side of the stage and at a distance of more than 40 m from it. Table 2 shows data on the “loss” of seats in the stands of various configurations for arenas of the most common sizes and for the stage sizes given in clause 3.8. In other cases, the definition of "losses" is carried out guided by the above distance and horizontal angle. If the “losses” of spectator seats in the stands during variety concerts and the installation of stalls exceed the accepted capacity of the stalls, the calculation of auxiliary rooms for spectators is carried out in the project based on the total capacity of all stands, but without taking into account the capacity of the stalls.

Note. Above the line are the data for halls with an arena measuring 65´ 36 m 2, below the line - with an arena 48´ 26 m. a is the maximum allowable horizontal angle within which spectator seats should be located . R is the maximum allowable removal of spectator seats. 1 - stands; 2 - parterre; 3 - stage; 4 - "lost" places.

SANPIN 2.4.2.2821-10 Sports halls

III. Requirements for the territory of educational organizations

3.2. On the territory of the educational organization, the following zones are distinguished: a recreation area, a sports and economic area. It is allowed to allocate a training and experimental zone.

When organizing a training and experimental zone, it is not allowed to reduce the physical culture and sports zone and the recreation area.

3.3. It is recommended to place the physical culture and sports zone on the side of the gym. When placing a physical culture and sports area from the windows of classrooms, noise levels in classrooms should not exceed hygienic standards for residential, public buildings and residential areas.

When constructing treadmills and sports grounds (volleyball, basketball, handball), drainage must be provided to prevent flooding with rainwater.

The equipment of the physical culture and sports zone should ensure the implementation of the programs of the subject "Physical Education", as well as the holding of sectional sports classes and recreational activities.

Sports and playgrounds must have a hard surface, a football field - a grass cover. Synthetic and polymer coatings must be frost-resistant, equipped with drains and must be made of materials that are harmless to children's health.

Classes on damp areas with bumps and potholes are not carried out.

Physical culture and sports equipment should correspond to the height and age of students.

3.4. For the implementation of the programs of the subject "Physical culture" it is allowed to use sports facilities (grounds, stadiums) located near the institution and equipped in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological

IV. building requirements

4.2. It is not allowed to use the basement floors and basements for classrooms, offices, laboratories, educational workshops, medical facilities, sports, dance and assembly halls.

When placing a gym on the 2nd floor and above, sound and vibration isolation measures must be taken.

The number and types of sports halls are provided depending on the type of educational organization and its capacity.

(as amended by Amendments N 2, approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of December 25, 2013 N 72)

(as amended by Amendments N 2, approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of December 25, 2013 N 72)

4.14. At sports halls in existing educational organizations, equipment must be provided; dressing rooms for boys and girls. It is recommended to equip gyms with separate showers and toilets for boys and girls.

(as amended by Amendments N 2, approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of December 25, 2013 N 72)

4.15. In the newly constructed buildings of educational organizations at sports halls, the following should be provided: projectile; rooms for storing cleaning equipment and preparing disinfectant and washing solutions with an area of ​​at least 4.0 m2; separate dressing rooms for boys and girls with an area of ​​at least 14.0 m2 each; separate showers for boys and girls with an area of ​​at least 12 m2 each; separate toilets for boys and girls with an area of ​​at least 8.0 m2 each. Toilets or locker rooms are equipped with sinks for washing hands.

(as amended by Amendments N 2, approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of December 25, 2013 N 72)

V. Requirements for premises and equipment of educational organizations

5.15. Labor training workshops and a home economics office, gyms should be equipped with first aid kits.

VI. Air-thermal requirements

6.2. The air temperature, depending on climatic conditions in classrooms and offices, psychologist and speech therapist's offices, laboratories, assembly hall, canteen, recreation, library, lobby, wardrobe should be 18 - 24 ° C; in the gym and rooms for sectional classes, workshops - 17 - 20 ° C; bedroom, playrooms, premises of preschool education units and boarding schools - 20 - 24 ° C; medical offices, gym locker rooms - 20 - 22 °C, showers - 25 °C.

6.7. Physical education lessons and sports sections should be held in well-aerated sports halls.

It is necessary to open one or two windows on the leeward side during classes in the hall at an outdoor temperature above plus 5 ° C and a wind speed of no more than 2 m / s. At a lower temperature and a higher speed of air movement, classes in the hall are carried out with one or three transoms open. When the outside air temperature is below minus 10 °C and the air speed is more than 7 m/s, through ventilation of the hall is carried out in the absence of students for 1 - 1.5 minutes; during big breaks and between shifts - 5 - 10 minutes.

When the air temperature reaches plus 14 °C, airing in the gym should be stopped.

VII. Requirements for natural and artificial lighting

7.1.4. In workshops for labor training, assembly and sports halls, two-sided lateral natural lighting can be used.

7.2.4. In classrooms, classrooms, laboratories, illumination levels must comply with the following standards: on desktops - 300 - 500 lux, in technical drawing and drawing rooms - 500 lux, in computer science classrooms on tables - 300 - 500 lux, on a blackboard 300 - 500 OK, Vassembly andsports halls (on the floor) - 200 lx, in recreations (on the floor) - 150 lx.

IX. Requirements for premises and equipment of educational institutions located in adapted buildings

9.4. If it is not possible to equip your own sports hall, you should use sports facilities located near the general educational organization, subject to their compliance with the requirements for the arrangement and maintenance of places for physical culture and sports.